HTTP::Request - Online Linux Manual PageSection : 3
Updated : 2022-01-21
Source : perl v5.34.0
Note : User Contributed Perl Documentation
NAMEHTTP::Request − HTTP style request message
VERSIONversion 6.36
SYNOPSIS​ require HTTP::Request; ​ $request = HTTP::Request−>new(GET => 'http://www.example.com/'); and usually used like this: ​ $ua = LWP::UserAgent−>new; ​ $response = $ua−>request($request);
DESCRIPTION​HTTP::Request is a class encapsulating HTTP style requests, consisting of a request line, some headers, and a content body. Note that the LWP library uses HTTP style requests even for non-HTTP protocols. Instances of this class are usually passed to the ​request() method of an LWP::UserAgent object. ​HTTP::Request is a subclass of HTTP::Message and therefore inherits its methods. The following additional methods are available: $r = HTTP::Request−>new( $method, $uri ) $r = HTTP::Request−>new( $method, $uri, $header ) $r = HTTP::Request−>new( $method, $uri, $header, $content ) Constructs a new HTTP::Request object describing a request on the object $uri using method $method. The $method argument must be a string. The $uri argument can be either a string, or a reference to a ​URI object. The optional $header argument should be a reference to an HTTP::Headers object or a plain array reference of key/value pairs. The optional $content argument should be a string of bytes. $r = HTTP::Request−>parse( $str ) This constructs a new request object by parsing the given string. $r−>method $r−>method( $val ) This is used to get/set the method attribute. The method should be a short string like ‟GET”, ‟HEAD”, ‟PUT”, ‟PATCH” or ‟POST”. $r−>uri $r−>uri( $val ) This is used to get/set the uri attribute. The $val can be a reference to a URI object or a plain string. If a string is given, then it should be parsable as an absolute URI. $r−>header( $field ) $r−>header( $field => $value ) This is used to get/set header values and it is inherited from ​HTTP::Headers via HTTP::Message. See HTTP::Headers for details and other similar methods that can be used to access the headers. $r−>accept_decodable This will set the Accept−Encoding header to the list of encodings that decoded_content() can decode. $r−>content $r−>content( $bytes ) This is used to get/set the content and it is inherited from the ​HTTP::Message base class. See HTTP::Message for details and other methods that can be used to access the content. Note that the content should be a string of bytes. Strings in perl can contain characters outside the range of a byte. The Encode module can be used to turn such strings into a string of bytes. $r−>as_string $r−>as_string( $eol ) Method returning a textual representation of the request.
EXAMPLESCreating requests to be sent with LWP::UserAgent or others can be easy. Here are a few examples.
Simple POSTHere, we'll create a simple POST request that could be used to send JSON data to an endpoint. ​ #!/usr/bin/env perl ​ ​ use strict; ​ use warnings; ​ ​ use HTTP::Request (); ​ use JSON::MaybeXS qw(encode_json); ​ ​ my $url = 'https://www.example.com/api/user/123'; ​ my $header = ['Content−Type' => 'application/json; charset=UTF−8']; ​ my $data = {foo => 'bar', baz => 'quux'}; ​ my $encoded_data = encode_json($data); ​ ​ my $r = HTTP::Request−>new('POST', $url, $header, $encoded_data); ​ # at this point, we could send it via LWP::UserAgent ​ # my $ua = LWP::UserAgent−>new(); ​ # my $res = $ua−>request($r);
Batch POST RequestSome services, like Google, allow multiple requests to be sent in one batch. <https://developers.google.com/drive/v3/web/batch> for example. Using the ​add_part method from HTTP::Message makes this simple. ​ #!/usr/bin/env perl ​ ​ use strict; ​ use warnings; ​ ​ use HTTP::Request (); ​ use JSON::MaybeXS qw(encode_json); ​ ​ my $auth_token = 'auth_token'; ​ my $batch_url = 'https://www.googleapis.com/batch'; ​ my $url = 'https://www.googleapis.com/drive/v3/files/fileId/permissions?fields=id'; ​ my $url_no_email = 'https://www.googleapis.com/drive/v3/files/fileId/permissions?fields=id&sendNotificationEmail=false'; ​ ​ # generate a JSON post request for one of the batch entries ​ my $req1 = build_json_request($url, { ​ emailAddress => 'example@appsrocks.com', ​ role => "writer", ​ type => "user", ​ }); ​ ​ # generate a JSON post request for one of the batch entries ​ my $req2 = build_json_request($url_no_email, { ​ domain => "appsrocks.com", ​ role => "reader", ​ type => "domain", ​ }); ​ ​ # generate a multipart request to send all of the other requests ​ my $r = HTTP::Request−>new('POST', $batch_url, [ ​ 'Accept−Encoding' => 'gzip', ​ # if we don't provide a boundary here, HTTP::Message will generate ​ # one for us. We could use UUID::uuid() here if we wanted. ​ 'Content−Type' => 'multipart/mixed; boundary=END_OF_PART' ​ ]); ​ ​ # add the two POST requests to the main request ​ $r−>add_part($req1, $req2); ​ # at this point, we could send it via LWP::UserAgent ​ # my $ua = LWP::UserAgent−>new(); ​ # my $res = $ua−>request($r); ​ exit(); ​ ​ sub build_json_request { ​ my ($url, $href) = @_; ​ my $header = ['Authorization' => "Bearer $auth_token", 'Content−Type' => 'application/json; charset=UTF−8']; ​ return HTTP::Request−>new('POST', $url, $header, encode_json($href)); ​ }
SEE ALSOHTTP::Headers, HTTP::Message, HTTP::Request::Common, HTTP::Response
AUTHORGisle Aas <gisle@activestate.com>
COPYRIGHT AND LICENSEThis software is copyright (c) 1994 by Gisle Aas. This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself. 0
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