MODULI - Online Linux Manual Page

Section : 5
Updated : September 26 2012
NAME moduli — Diffie-Hellman moduli
DESCRIPTIONThe /etc/ssh/moduli file contains prime numbers and generators for use by sshd(8) in the Diffie-Hellman Group Exchange key exchange method. New moduli may be generated with ssh-keygen(1) using a two-step process. An initial candidate generation pass, using ssh-keygen -G, calculates numbers that are likely to be useful. A second primality testing pass, using ssh-keygen -T, provides a high degree of assurance that the numbers are prime and are safe for use in Diffie-Hellman operations by sshd(8). This moduli format is used as the output from each pass. The file consists of newline-separated records, one per modulus, containing seven space-separated fields. These fields are as follows: timestamp  The time that the modulus was last processed as YYYYMMDDHHMMSS. type  Decimal number specifying the internal structure of the prime modulus. Supported types are: . Bl -tag -width 0x00 -compact0  Unknown, not tested. 2  "Safe" prime; (p-1)/2 is also prime. 4  Sophie Germain; 2p+1 is also prime. Moduli candidates initially produced by ssh-keygen(1) are Sophie Germain primes (type 4). Further primality testing with ssh-keygen(1) produces safe prime moduli (type 2) that are ready for use in sshd(8). Other types are not used by OpenSSH. . It testsDecimal number indicating the type of primality tests that the number has been subjected to represented as a bitmask of the following values: . Bl -tag -width 0x00 -compact. It 0x00Not tested. . It 0x01Composite number – not prime. . It 0x02Sieve of Eratosthenes. . It 0x04Probabilistic Miller-Rabin primality tests. . ElThe ssh-keygen(1) moduli candidate generation uses the Sieve of Eratosthenes (flag 0x02). Subsequent ssh-keygen(1) primality tests are Miller-Rabin tests (flag 0x04). . It trialsDecimal number indicating the number of primality trials that have been performed on the modulus. . It sizeDecimal number indicating the size of the prime in bits. . It generatorThe recommended generator for use with this modulus (hexadecimal). . It modulusThe modulus itself in hexadecimal. . ElWhen performing Diffie-Hellman Group Exchange, sshd(8) first estimates the size of the modulus required to produce enough Diffie-Hellman output to sufficiently key the selected symmetric cipher. sshd(8) then randomly selects a modulus from /etc/ssh/moduli that best meets the size requirement.
SEE ALSOssh-keygen(1), sshd(8)
STANDARDS Author nameM. Friedl Author nameN. Provos Author nameW. Simpson Publication dateMarch 2006 Technical reportRFC 4419 Article titleDiffie-Hellman Group Exchange for the Secure Shell (SSH) Transport Layer Protocol Publication date2006 0
Johanes Gumabo
Data Size   :   8,848 byte
man-moduli.5Build   :   2025-03-22, 13:26   :  
Visitor Screen   :   x
Visitor Counter ( page / site )   :   59 / 4,053,646
Visitor ID   :     :  
Visitor IP   :   216.73.216.159   :  
Visitor Provider   :   AMAZON-02   :  
Provider Position ( lat x lon )   :   39.962500 x -83.006100   :   x
Provider Accuracy Radius ( km )   :   20   :  
Provider City   :   Columbus   :  
Provider Province   :   Ohio ,   :   ,
Provider Country   :   United States   :  
Provider Continent   :   North America   :  
Visitor Recorder   :   Version   :  
Visitor Recorder   :   Library   :  
Online Linux Manual Page   :   Version   :   Online Linux Manual Page - Fedora.40 - march=x86-64 - mtune=generic - 25.03.22
Online Linux Manual Page   :   Library   :   lib_c - 24.10.03 - march=x86-64 - mtune=generic - Fedora.40
Online Linux Manual Page   :   Library   :   lib_m - 24.10.03 - march=x86-64 - mtune=generic - Fedora.40
Data Base   :   Version   :   Online Linux Manual Page Database - 24.04.13 - march=x86-64 - mtune=generic - fedora-38
Data Base   :   Library   :   lib_c - 23.02.07 - march=x86-64 - mtune=generic - fedora.36
Very long time ago, I have the best tutor, Wenzel Svojanovsky. If someone knows the email address of Wenzel Svojanovsky, please send an email to johanesgumabo@gmail.com.
If error, please print screen and send to johanes_gumabo@yahoo.co.id
Under development. Support me via PayPal.
ERROR : Need New Coding :         (rof_unit_scale_px|46|moduli.5|58|0x00|.Bl -tag -width 0x00 -compact )         (rof_Bl|30|moduli.5|58|0x00|.Bl -tag -width 0x00 -compact )         (rof_It|4|moduli.5|75|0|.It tests )         (rof_unit_scale_px|46|moduli.5|79|0x00|.Bl -tag -width 0x00 -compact )         (rof_Bl|30|moduli.5|79|0x00|.Bl -tag -width 0x00 -compact )         (rof_It|4|moduli.5|80|0|.It 0x00 )         (rof_It|4|moduli.5|82|0|.It 0x01 )         (rof_It|4|moduli.5|84|0|.It 0x02 )         (rof_It|4|moduli.5|86|0|.It 0x04 )         (rof_El|4|moduli.5|88|0|.El )         (rof_It|4|moduli.5|96|0|.It trials )         (rof_It|4|moduli.5|99|0|.It size )         (rof_It|4|moduli.5|101|0|.It generator )         (rof_It|4|moduli.5|103|0|.It modulus )         (rof_El|4|moduli.5|105|0|.El )