libcurl - Online Linux Manual PageSection : 3
Updated : October 31, 2021
Source : libcurl 7.82.0
Note : libcurl url interface
NAMElibcurl-url − URL interface overview
DESCRIPTIONThe URL interface provides functions for parsing and generating URLs.
INCLUDEYou still only include <curl/curl.h> in your code.
CREATECreate a handle that holds URL info and resources with curl_url(3):
CURLU *h = curl_url();
CLEANUPWhen done with it, clean it up with curl_url_cleanup(3):
curl_url_cleanup(h);
DUPLICATEWhen you need a copy of a handle, just duplicate it with curl_url_dup(3):
CURLU *nh = curl_url_dup(h);
PARSINGBy "setting" a URL to the handle with curl_url_set(3), the URL is parsed and stored in the handle. If the URL is not syntactically correct it will return an error instead. rc = curl_url_set(h, CURLUPART_URL,
"https://example.com:449/foo/bar?name=moo", 0);The zero in the fourth argument is a bitmask for changing specific features. If successful, this stores the URL in its individual parts within the handle.
REDIRECTWhen a handle already contains info about a URL, setting a relative URL will make it "redirect" to adapt to it.
rc = curl_url_set(h, CURLUPART_URL, "../test?another", 0);
GET URLThe `CURLU` handle represents a URL and you can easily extract that with curl_url_get(3):
char *url;
rc = curl_url_get(h, CURLUPART_URL, &url, 0);
curl_free(url); The zero in the fourth argument is a bitmask for changing specific features.
GET PARTSWhen a URL has been parsed or parts have been set, you can extract those pieces from the handle at any time. rc = curl_url_get(h, CURLUPART_HOST, &host, 0);
rc = curl_url_get(h, CURLUPART_SCHEME, &scheme, 0);
rc = curl_url_get(h, CURLUPART_USER, &user, 0);
rc = curl_url_get(h, CURLUPART_PASSWORD, &password, 0);
rc = curl_url_get(h, CURLUPART_PORT, &port, 0);
rc = curl_url_get(h, CURLUPART_PATH, &path, 0);
rc = curl_url_get(h, CURLUPART_QUERY, &query, 0);
rc = curl_url_get(h, CURLUPART_FRAGMENT, &fragment, 0);Extracted parts are not URL decoded unless the user also asks for it with the CURLU_URLDECODE flag set in the fourth bitmask argument. Remember to free the returned string with curl_free(3) when you are done with it!
SET PARTSA user set individual URL parts, either after having parsed a full URL or instead of parsing such. rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_HOST, "www.example.com", 0);
rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_SCHEME, "https", 0);
rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_USER, "john", 0);
rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_PASSWORD, "doe", 0);
rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_PORT, "443", 0);
rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_PATH, "/index.html", 0);
rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_QUERY, "name=john", 0);
rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_FRAGMENT, "anchor", 0);Set parts are not URL encoded unless the user asks for it with the `CURLU_URLENCODE` flag.
APPENDQUERYAn application can append a string to the right end of the query part with the `CURLU_APPENDQUERY` flag to curl_url_set(3). Imagine a handle that holds the URL `https://example.com/?shoes=2`. An application can then add the string `hat=1` to the query part like this: rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_QUERY, "hat=1", CURLU_APPENDQUERY);It will even notice the lack of an ampersand (`&`) separator so it will inject one too, and the handle's full URL will then equal `https://example.com/?shoes=2&hat=1`. The appended string can of course also get URL encoded on add, and if asked to URL encode, the encoding process will skip the '=' character. For example, append `candy=N&N` to what we already have, and URL encode it to deal with the ampersand in the data: rc = curl_url_set(urlp, CURLUPART_QUERY, "candy=N&N",
CURLU_APPENDQUERY | CURLU_URLENCODE);Now the URL looks like https://example.com/?shoes=2&hat=1&candy=N%26N`
AVALABILITYThe URL API was introduced in libcurl 7.62.0.
SEE ALSOcurl_url(3), curl_url_cleanup (3), curl_url_get (3)," curl_url_dup(3), curl_url_set (3), curl_url_strerror (3)," CURLOPT_URL(3)" 0
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